Toxicity

Scientific posterEvaluation of local inflammatory reactions following subcutaneous injection of a pro-inflammatory cocktail in a fully human ex vivo skin model. Poster IID2018.Subcutaneous (SC) injections can evoke local reactions such as inflammation or necrosis. Preclinical development of SC therapies relies on animal models to characterize these responses, however, translation of these models to the clinic is often limited and no singleRead more

Injection-Site PainWhich factors influence pain upon subcutaneous injection?Biologics such as vaccines, insulin, monoclonal antibodies, etc., that are now widely developed need to be administered parenterally. While the intravenous (IV) route has historically been the most widely used,  the subcutaneous (SC) route is now accepted and presented as safe and effective, whether in the context of chronic disease or in palliativeRead more

Understanding Pain & Neurogenic InflammationCan our understanding of pain and neurogenic inflammation help in predicting and managing injection-related pain?Nociception, the neural processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli, and the sensation of pain are initiated by extreme pressures, temperatures, toxic substances, and inflammatory mediators capable of causing tissue injury. These strong stimuli are recognized by specific nerve cells in theRead more

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